Chromium III Sulfate is non combustible.It is corrosive in nature and categorized as an irritant.It is very harmful to the environment and a major health hazard.Chromium III Sulfate is an inorganic ionic compound.The molecular formula of Chromium III Sulfate is Cr 2(SO 4) 3.It serves as electrolyte to obtain chromium metal.It is used in chrome plating to decorate and protect metals.It is also used in green paints, ceramic glazes and inks.It is used in textile dyes particularly for dyeing of khaki cloth.It is extensively used in the leather industry during the process of tanning.It turns green when it is subjected to heat.Ĭhromium III Sulfate is produced as a byproduct in the process of Jones Oxidation during which a solution of sodium dichromate or potassium dichromate is dissolved with sulfuric acid to oxidize alcohols.Ĭhromium(III) sulfate can also be obtained by treating chromium III hydroxide with dilute sulfuric acid. Chromium III sulfate is a blue-gray or violet-gray amorphous solid.When we write the two together we get Cr 2 (SO 4 ) 3. So, to arrive at the formula of Chromium III Sulfate, we will interchange the charges of ions Cr +3and SO 4 -2 to get Cr 2 and (SO 4 ) 3.Cr is placed outside the parentheses as it is not a polyatomic ion. So, polyatomic ion SO 4 -2 will be placed inside parenthesis. The sulfur and oxygen atoms share a covalent bond.So, the Charge carried by the chromium cation Cr +3 will be written as the subscript of the sulfate anion SO 4 -2 and the Charge carried by the sulfate anion SO4-2 will be written as subscript for the chromium cation Cr +3.Chromium III has a valence of 3 and Sulfate has a valence of 2, we will need 2 chromium and 3 sulfate ions to balance 6 valence ties.It is an ionic compound where Chromium (Cr) is the metal with Cr+3 cation and sulfate is the SO4-2 anion. The formula of Chromium III Sulfate is Cr 2(SO 4) 3.The percentages of individual elements of Cr 2(SO 4) 3 (dichromium trisulfate) are Cr - 26.52%, O - 48.95% and S - 24.53%. Chromium (III) Sulfite: Cr 2 (SO 3) 3: Chromium (III) Sulfate: Cr 2 (SO 4) 3: Chromium (III) Thiosulfate: Cr 2 (S 2 O 3) 3: Chromium (III) Peroxide: Cr 2 (O 2) 3: Chromium (III) Chromate: Cr 2 (CrO 4) 3: Chromium (III) Dichromate: Cr 2 (Cr 2 O 7) 3: Chromium (III) Hydrogen Phosphate: Cr 2 (HPO 4) 3: Chromium (III) Phosphate: CrPO 4: Chromium.As seen in the structure of Chromium III Sulfate in the image above, the ratio of chromium to sulfate in this inorganic compound is 2:3.Hexavalent chromium Nanoscale zerovalent iron Reduction Removal mechanism Sulfidation.Ĭopyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. The removal mechanism of Cr(VI) by S-nZVI involved the sulfide modification to increase the specific surface area and provide more active sites, the corrosion of Fe 0 to produce surface-bounded Fe(II) species to adsorb Cr(VI) species, followed by the favored reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) due to the electron transfer ability of FeS x, then the formation of Cr(III)/Fe(III) hydroxides precipitates. Other influence factors were also investigated for potential application, including temperature, initial Cr(VI) concentration, ionic strength, and co-existed ions. Low initial pH also enhanced the Cr(VI) removal, and the Cr(VI) removal capacity by S-nZVI and nZVI was not affected by aging process, these results confirmed that the Fe(II) species also played an important role in the Cr(VI) removal. High specific surface area would provide more active site for Cr(VI) removal, and as an efficient electron conductor, acicular-like FeS x phase would also favor electron transfer from Fe 0 core to Cr(VI). S-nZVI with higher S/Fe molar ratio showed higher surface area, the discrepancy between the surface-area-normalized removal capacity of Cr(VI) by S-nZVI with different S/Fe indicated that the removal of Cr(VI) was also affected by other factors, such as electron transfer ability, surface-bounded Fe(II) species, and surface charges. However, the benefits derived from sulfide modification that govern the removal of Cr(VI) remains unclear, which was studied in this work. Sulfidation of nanoscale zerovalent iron (nZVI) has attracted increasing interest for improving the reactivity and selectivity of nZVI towards various contaminants, such as aqueous Cr(VI) removal.
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